This LEGO car uses an infrared radar to avoid obstacles and was created using Mindstorms RCX parts. Two short videos after the jump. Here’s how it works:
When the radar detects something, the robot slows down, thanks to its 2 speed mechanical gearshift. If the radar signal gets high enough or if the bumper hits the obstacle, the vehicule backs up and turns (the left driving wheel is locked by a ratchet)
[via Philohome]