Photo credit: Blaurock | HZDR
There’s this 101.38-carat diamond, and then a new method devised by scientists from Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), the University of Rostock and France’s École Polytechnique that can turn plastic into diamonds. More specifically, they created nanodiamonds by firing high-powered lasers at PET (polyethylene terephthalate), the same material used in plastic bottles, which simulated the intense heat and pressure in ice giants like Uranus.
They simulated the conditions in the interior of these giant icy planets briefly in the lab by firing powerful laser flashes that hit a film-like material sample, thus heating it up to 6,000° Celsius near instantly and generating a shock wave that compressed the material for a few nanoseconds to a million times the atmospheric pressure. This extreme pressure created tiny diamonds, also called nanodiamonds.
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The effect of the oxygen was to accelerate the splitting of the carbon and hydrogen and thus encourage the formation of nanodiamonds. It meant the carbon atoms could combine more easily and form diamonds,” said Prof. Dr. Dominik Kraus, University of Rostock and Institute of Radiation Physics at HZDR.