Scientists have discovered that green tree frogs in Chernobyl are turning black to better handle radiation left from the nuclear power plant accident in 1986. Melanin is a dark brown to black pigment that naturally protects organisms from UV as well as ionizing radiation by absorbing it and dissipating the radiation energy.
This tragic accident released around 100-times more energy than the Hiroshima and Nagasaki nuclear bombs combined. By studying over 200 male frogs spanning 12 different breeding ponds surrounding the radioactive contamination zone, they found that 44% of them had darker skin than those outside of the accident site. This darker skin allows the frogs to mechanically avoid the production of free radicals caused by the direct impact of the radioactive particles on cells.
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We consider the most plausible explanation to [why] frogs within the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone [are changing color] is that the extremely high radiation levels at the moment of the accident selected for frogs with dark skin,” said Pablo Burraco, the study’s lead author.
